Jul 07

If this past April 15, you found yourself on the receiving side, getting a refund on your taxes, consider adjusting your withholdings. The IRS web site has an online calculator which will help you determine the correct number of exemptions to claim on your W4 submitted to your employer. If you were using your tax withholdings as a vacation fund, why not consider having a fixed amount saved from each paycheck and moved to a savings account? At least if you need these funds during the year, they will be available. Otherwise you are lending Uncle Sam money and not getting any interest.

Joe

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Jun 07

A great political / finance cartoon from last week’s Denver Post, it really speaks for itself.

recession or not?

Enjoy the weekend,
Joe

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May 01

Most blogs you may read are starting to offer an RSS feed, a way of reading the blog through a reader. I use Feedburner and in the left sidebar offer links so you may access my blog through Google or Yahoo’s RSS feature. Few non-bloggers use this feature, and May 1st has been declared RSS Awareness Day.

So, if you are enjoying my blog, or any other blogs you read on a regular basis, consider become a “reader” through an RSS feed.

Joe

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Apr 15

Take a moment to visit the Tax History Museum.

Joe

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Mar 24

For my first post of this year I wrote an article titled, “Can you save too much, pre-tax?” This is a topic that comes up frequently as one decides whether to choose a Traditional (pre-tax) IRA vs a Roth IRA. I recently had some dialog with another blogger and it’s clear to me that the decision is not so clear cut. Ideally, one makes a deposit pre-tax and withdraws it at a lower rate some time later. But as Mark (the other blogger) reminds me, a Roth has many benefits that shouldn’t be ignored:

  1. You can withdraw the original deposits at any time with no tax or penalty, as I suggested in my Roth magic post.
  2. A Roth has no RMDs (required minimum distribution) requirement, which forces withdrawals when they may not be needed or wanted due to other considerations.
  3. The accounts pass through one’s estate with less impact to estate tax as the funds are denser, and received by the beneficiary with no income tax upon withdrawal.

I think for any retiree there is likely an ideal mix, so they might draw funds from their pre-tax accounts (IRA and 401(k)) and use Roth withdrawals to avoid getting sent into the next bracket or be subject to the Social Security Tax Trap. The issue today is that we can’t know that mix two or three years out, let alone 20 or 30. What I do know, and I hope Mark agrees, is that this decision follows the shape of the Laffer Curve. I know with certainty that 100% of one’s savings in pre-tax accounts misses the benefits I share above. 100% in Roth accounts will miss the benefit of the zero bracket I discussed at length in my article cited and linked above. I don’t know the ideal mix, but I’d suggest this: The lower your savings rate, the more you’ll see the benefit of pre-tax savings, a diligent saver may be best served by leaning toward the Roth savings. A Wall Street Journal article titled “A Cool Million No Longer Buys You a Luxe Retirement” helps back up my position as it states that only the richest 2% of Americans have saved more than $1 million. One would need to be in this exclusive group to even begin worrying about higher taxes on the their retirement savings. I hope to get some feedback, as others’ opinions always help me to see a different side of the issue.

Joe

(update - are you feeling lucky? The Google search for “pretax vs post tax ira” (leave off the quotes) will lead right to this post. Could just be the choice of words? Or maybe I’m just lucky?)

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Mar 10
  • Dollar Value vs Foreign Currencies
  • Trade Surplus / Deficit
  • Interest Rates
  • Tax Rates
  • Unemployment Rate
  • Inflation

Did I miss anything? I don’t know if there’s a ‘general happiness’ index available, but if there were, I’d add it to the list. What is this list? It’s the data we follow and hear comments in the business news. There are ideal numbers for each, right? For trade, we want a surplus, we want to sell the goods we make in the good old USA. But we want a strong dollar, and today, the dollar is low compared to say, the Euro, or the Yen. I look at Yahoo and see that in the last few years, the Yen was as low as 123 to the dollar and recently is about 102. I remember in the early 90’s getting 240 Yen for my buck. But at 240, I could buy twice the Japanese goods I can today, so the trade balance was an issue. See where I’m going? And I’ve only looked at two variables so far.

What is the ideal unemployment level? Who was it that said “If you lose your job, it’s a recession. If I lose my job, it’s a depression.” (Some say this was Truman.) I would like to stay employed, so 0% works for me, but as unemployment drops ‘too low’ wages tend to get inflated as people are offered more money to lure them over from another company.

We had a similar issue a few year ago with inflation. As we approached 1% and less, people started to discuss the risk of deflation, as if that risk were real. At that time the budget deficit was no longer, we ran a surplus. The fear turned to ‘where will Social Security funds get invested?” and worse, “how will the Fed implement monetary policy if the purchase and sale of bonds is no longer available?” Well these fears were short-lived, but you get the idea.

I have no answers, just observations on this topic.

Joe

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Feb 29

Last week, in “More Roth Magic”, I discussed how for people on the edge of a tax bracket, there are some moves that one can make to optimize their wealth (read that - minimize their taxes over time.) Now, as promised, let’s look at schedule A.

From Fairmark, we can see that in 2008, the standard deduction for a married couple filing jointly is $10,900. Let’s think about this. A couple earning $60,000 might live in a house worth $200K, and be paying on a mortgage balance of $150K or at 6%, about $9,000 per year interest. Maybe another $2000 or so goes to property tax. At tax time, their total itemized deductions may just exceed the standard deduction, if that. Now, with a bit of planning, they may be able to use the system to work toward their advantage. In year one, right at the end of the year, make one extra mortgage payment. Not a principle payment, but the next month’s payment. This way the bank will credit the account with having paid that interest in advance. Similarly, go to the tax assessor’s office and pay at least half next year’s property tax bill in advance. They should be happy to take your money and credit your account. Are you generous to your house of worship or other charities? Make your annual donations in January of this year and then again in December of the same year. Now you’ve stacked up your Schedule A deductions to their maximum. Next year, just 11 mortgage payments, no donations, maybe half a year’s property taxes, and you take the standard deduction. Just one way to beat the system, a bit. Let me know what you think.

JOE


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Feb 25

The New York Times recently reported in a story titled “Top Court Allows Suit Over 401(k)” that the supreme court ruled on Wednesday allowing an individual to proceed with his lawsuit against his employer who administered the company’s 401(k). His claim was that they ignored his instructions to shift his investment mix and that he lost $150K due to his instructions being ignored. I received many emails asking about this ruling, asking if anyone can sue over the current losses. The suit was not about the losses of the market, but were specific to the fiduciary responsibility of a 401(k) sponsor to follow instructions of the participants. Most of us invested in stocks are down this year, but that’s not to suggest that any class actions suits will follow, we are just subject to the volatility of the current market.

JOE

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Feb 20

Making the rounds on the internet, a friend sent me this piece;

Suppose that every day, ten men go out for beer and the bill for all ten comes to $100. If they paid their bill the way we pay our taxes, it would go something like this:

The first four men (the poorest) would pay nothing.
The fifth would pay $1.
The sixth would pay $3.
The seventh would pay $7.
The eighth would pay $12.
The ninth would pay $18.
The tenth man (the richest) would pay $59.

So, that’s what they decided to do. The ten men drank in the bar every day and seemed quite happy with the arrangement, until on e day, the owner threw them a curve. “Since you are all such good customers, he said, I’m going to reduce the cost of your daily beer by $20. Drinks for the ten now cost just $80.”

The group still wanted to pay their bill the way we pay our taxes so the first four men were unaffected. They would still drink for free But what about the other six men - the paying customers? How could they divide the $20 windfall so that everyone would get his ‘fair share’? They realized that $20 divided by six is $3.33. But if they subtracted that from everybody’s share, then the fifth man and the sixth man would each end up being paid to drink his beer. So, the bar owner suggested that it would be fair to reduce each man’s bill by roughly the same amount, and he proceeded to work out the amounts each should pay.

And so:

The fifth man, like the first four, now paid nothing (100% savings).
The sixth now paid $2 instead of $3 (33%savings).
The seventh now pay $5 instead of $7 (28%savings).
The eighth now paid $9 instead of $12 (25% savings).
The ninth now paid $14 instead of $18 (22% savings).
The tenth now paid $49 instead of $59 (16% savings).

Each of the six was better off than before. And the first four continued to drink for free. But once outside the restaurant, the men began to compare their savings.

‘I only got a dollar out of the $20,’declared the sixth man. He pointed to the tenth man,’ but he got $10!’

‘Yeah, that’s right,’ exclaimed the fifth man. ‘I only saved a dollar, too. It’s unfair that he got ten times more than I!’

‘That’s true!!’ shouted the seventh man. ‘Why should he get $10 back when I got only two? The wealthy get all the breaks!’

‘Wait a minute,’ yelled the first four men in unison. ‘We didn’t get anything at all. The system exploits the poor!’

The nine men surrounded the tenth and beat him up.

The next night the tenth man didn’t show up for drinks, so the nine sat down and had beers without him. But when it came time to pay the bill, they discovered something important. They didn’t have enough money between all of them for even half of the bill!

And that, boys and girls, journalists and college professors, is how our tax system works. The people who pay the highest taxes get the most benefit from a tax reduction. Tax them too much, attack them for being wealthy, and they just may not show up anymore. In fact, they might start drinking overseas where the atmosphere is somewhat friendlier.

For those who understand, no explanation is needed.
For those who do not understand, no explanation is possible.

It seems the original Author is not known.

JOE

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Jan 22

In 2008, the (long term) capital gains rates dropped. If you are in the 10% or 15% marginal bracket, your capital gain rate drops from 5% in 2007 to 0% (yes, zero!) from 2008-2010. For those in the 25% bracket or higher, the rate remains 15%. In 2011, these rates revert back to the pre-2003 levels of 10%/20%. See the charts at Fairmark to understand what bracket you fall into. As always, one should not let the tax tail wag the investing dog, it’s just good to know how these laws impact your investments.
JOE

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